Qingyun Li，Eric R Burrough，Nicholas K Gabler，Crystal L Loving，Orhan Sahin，Stacie A Gould，John F Patience
翻譯：朱滔 

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本試驗(yàn)?zāi)康脑谟谘芯靠扇苄岳w維和不可溶性纖維，以及碳水化合物酶（木聚糖，β葡聚糖和果膠酶）對(duì)被產(chǎn)腸毒素大腸桿菌（ETEC）攻毒仔豬腹瀉率、免疫反應(yīng)和生長(zhǎng)性能的影響。

試驗(yàn)選用60頭斷奶仔豬（6.9±0.1kg體重，23d），根據(jù)體重分為6組，單欄飼養(yǎng)，每組10個(gè)重復(fù)。試驗(yàn)處理包括：1個(gè)陰性對(duì)照組（無攻毒），1個(gè)攻毒對(duì)照組、甜菜渣組（攻毒+10%甜菜渣）、甜菜渣+酶組（攻毒+10%甜菜渣+碳水化合物酶） 、DDGS組（攻毒+15%DDGS）、DDGS+酶組（攻毒+15%DDGS+碳水化合物酶）。對(duì)照組日糧主要為玉米-豆粕型，添加13.5%小麥粉。這兩種纖維以替代日糧中的淀粉添加。斷奶后第7d口服6ml溶血性 F18 ETEC（約3.5×109 cfu/ml）或者6ml生理鹽水。所有ETEC攻毒仔豬均為F18 ETEC易感基因型。14d試驗(yàn)期間所有仔豬自由采食和飲水。記錄斷奶后第0、7、14或15d的體重和采食量。攻毒第-7、0、1、2、3、5、7或8d收集仔豬糞便，評(píng)估溶血性大腸桿菌。攻毒后每天記錄糞便評(píng)分，評(píng)估腹瀉率。攻毒第-1、3、7或8d解剖時(shí)收集血液樣品和腸道組織。

試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，攻毒組豬攻毒后1-7d日增重和采食量顯著低于對(duì)照組（P＜0.05）。與攻毒組相比，甜菜渣+酶組攻毒前和攻毒后日增重顯著升高（P＜0.05）。DDGS組攻毒后腹瀉率顯著高于攻毒組（P＜0.05）。甜菜渣組回腸大腸桿菌粘附程度顯著低于攻毒組（P＜0.05）。與攻毒組相比，甜菜渣+酶組攻毒后第三天觸珠蛋白明顯降低，DDGS+酶組C-反應(yīng)蛋白顯著降低（P＜0.05）。與攻毒組相比，甜菜渣+酶組豬有較低的回腸腫瘤壞死因子α和較大的回腸阻塞素（ocln）mRNa（（P＜0.10），結(jié)腸ocln mRNa水平較高（P＜0.05）。

總之，DDGS提高了腹瀉率和糞便中大腸桿菌脫落數(shù)。甜菜渣+酶改善仔豬攻毒后的生長(zhǎng)性能，可能是由于降低了炎癥因子。

A soluble and highly fermentable dietary fiber with carbohydrases improved gut barrier integrity markers and growth performance in F18 ETEC challenged pigs

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a source of dietary soluble (SF) and insoluble fiber (IF) without or with exogenous carbohydrases (xylanase, β-glucanase, and pectinase) on diarrhea incidence, selected immune responses, and growth performance in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-challenged pigs. Sixty weaned pigs (6.9 ± 0.1 kg BW, ~23 d of age) were blocked by initial BW and placed in individual pens. Pens were randomly assigned to one of six treatments (n = 10 per treatment), including a nonchallenged control (NC), a positive challenge control (PC), the PC + a soluble fiber diet (10% sugar beet pulp) without (SF?) or with carbohydrases (SF+), and PC + an IF diet (15% corn distillers dried grains with solubles) without (IF?) or with carbohydrases (IF+). The control diet was primarily based on corn and soybean meal with 13.5% whey powder. The two sources of fiber were added at the expense of cornstarch in the control diet. Pigs were orally inoculated with 6 mL hemolytic F18 ETEC (~3.5 × 109 cfu/mL) or sham infected with 6 mL phosphate-buffered saline on day 7 (0 d postinoculation, dpi) postweaning. All ETEC challenged pigs were confirmed to be genetically susceptible to F18 ETEC. Pigs had free access to feed and water throughout the 14-d trial. Pig BW and feed intake were recorded on dpi ?7, 0, and 7 or 8. Fecal swabs were collected on dpi ?7, 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 or 8 to evaluate hemolytic E. coli shedding. Fecal score was visually ranked daily postchallenge to evaluate diarrhea incidence. Blood samples were collected on dpi ?1, 3, and 7 or 8 at necropsy and intestinal tissues were collected at necropsy. Pigs on PC had lower dpi 1 to 7 ADG and ADFI than those on NC (P < 0.05). Compared with PC pigs, SF+ pigs had greater ADG during both pre- and postchallenge period (P < 0.05). The IF? increased postchallenge diarrhea incidence compared with PC (P < 0.05). Pigs on SF? had lower ileal E. coli attachment than PC (P < 0.05). The SF+ reduced haptoglobin and IF+ reduced C-reactive protein on dpi 3 compared with PC (P < 0.05). Compared with PC pigs, SF+ pigs tended to have lower ileal tumor necrosis factor alpha and greater ileal occludin (OCLN) mRNA (P < 0.10) and had greater (P < 0.05) colonic OCLN mRNA levels. Collectively, IF? increased incidence of diarrhea and fecal E. coli shedding compared with PC. The SF+ pigs had improved growth compared with PC pigs, likely due in part to a reduction in inflammatory intermediates.

轉(zhuǎn)自公眾號(hào)：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇