日糧中添加中鏈脂肪酸對保育豬生長性能、糞便微生物組成的影響和飼料存放后對豬流行性腹瀉病毒的緩解特性
發布單位:天津瑞孚農牧科技集團有限公司查看次數：8078
時間：2020-02-24
試驗研究了日糧中添加中鏈脂肪酸對保育豬生長性能、糞便微生物組成和儲存后對豬流行性腹瀉病毒的緩解特性。
試驗選用360頭仔豬（初重6.7 ± 0.07 kg），在斷奶當天根據體重隨機分至各圈，每圈5頭，每個處理9圈，適應期6天。所有中鏈脂肪酸保證98%的純度，包括己酸（C6：0），辛酸（C8：0）和癸酸（C10：0）。共有兩階段（7-11kg、11-23kg）飼料日糧，日糧營養指標均達到或超過NRC推薦量。試驗共8個處理，中鏈脂肪酸混合物（己酸、辛酸、癸酸比例為1:1:1）添加量為0、0.25、0.5、1.0、1.5%，還有三個處理為己酸、辛酸、癸酸分別添加0.5%。在試驗第0和14天收集對照組、1.5%中鏈脂肪酸混合物組的豬糞便，用16s rDNA測序。飼料制作完成后放置于袋中在谷倉溫度和濕度條件下儲存40d，然后在實驗室進行豬流行性腹瀉病毒接種。存留的飼料接種豬流行性腹瀉病毒，滴度為104 TCID50/g，然后在第0、3天檢測。
試驗數據顯示，中鏈脂肪酸混合物線性改善了日增重和采食量（P≤0.01）、肉料比（P=0.004）。0.5%辛酸組日增重顯著高于對照組（P=0.038）。0.5%己酸組、0.5%辛酸組、0.5%癸酸組，肉料比顯著優于對照組（P≤0.024）。添加量與日期對豬流行性腹瀉病毒Ct值有互作影響（二次線性，P=0.023），第0天時，豬流行性腹瀉病毒Ct值隨中鏈脂肪酸的添加量增加而顯著增加（二次線性，P=0.001），在第3天時也同樣增加（線性，P＜0.001）。對照組和1.5%中鏈脂肪酸混合物組的糞便微生物多樣性和組成沒有顯著差異。
總之，保育豬日糧中添加中鏈脂肪酸顯著改善生長性能，并可以緩解飼料中豬流行性腹瀉病毒，并不影響糞便微生物組成。
Effect of dietary medium-chain fatty acids on nursery pig growth performance, fecal microbial composition, and mitigation properties against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus following storage
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) addition on nursery pig growth performance, fecal microbial composition, and mitigation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) following storage. A total of 360 pigs (DNA 400 × 200, Columbus, NE; initially 6.7 ± 0.07 kg) were randomized to pens (5 pigs per pen) on the day of weaning (approximately 20 d of age), allowed a 6-d acclimation, blocked by BW, and randomized to dietary treatment (9 pens per treatment). All MCFA (Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) were guaranteed ≥98% purity, including hexanoic (C6:0), octanoic (C8:0), and decanoic (C10:0) acids. Treatment diets were formulated in 2 phases (7 to 11 and 11 to 23 kg BW) and formulated to meet or exceed NRC requirement estimates. Treatments (n = 8) were a dose response including 0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% added MCFA blend (1:1:1 ratio C6:0, C8:0, and C10:0), as well as treatments with individual additions of 0.5% C6:0, C8:0, or C10:0. Fecal samples were collected from pigs fed control and 1.5% MCFA blend diets on days 0 and 14 and analyzed using 16s rDNA sequencing. Following feed manufacture, feed was stored in bags at barn temperature and humidity for 40 d before laboratory inoculation withPEDV. Subsamples of retained feed were inoculated with PEDV to achieve a titer of 104 TCID50/g and separate sample bottles were analyzed on 0 and 3 d post-inoculation (dpi). Overall, ADG and ADFI were increased (linear, P ≤ 0.010) and feed efficiency (G:F) improved (linear, P = 0.004) with increasing MCFA blend. Pigs fed 0.5% C8:0 had greater (P = 0.038) ADG compared with pigs fed the control diet, and G:F was improved (P ≤ 0.024) when pigs were fed 0.5% C6:0, 0.5% C8:0, or 0.5% C10:0 compared with control. An inclusion level × day interaction was observed (quadratic, P = 0.023), where PEDV Ct values increased (quadratic, P = 0.001) on 0 dpi with increasing levels of MCFA blend inclusion and also increased on 3 dpi (linear, P < 0.001). Fecal microbial diversity and composition were similar between control and 1.5% MCFA blend. In summary, the use of MCFA in nursery pig diets improves growth performance, provides residual mitigation activity against PEDV, and does not significantly alter fecal microbial composition.
文章來源：豬營養國際論壇
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